Reproduction of Meloidogyne spp. on Resistant Peanut Genotypes from Three Breeding Programs
Timper, P.; Holbrook, C.C.; Anderson, W.F.
Journal of Nematology 35(4): 417-421
2003
ISSN/ISBN: 0022-300X PMID: 19262773 Document Number: 563652
Three described species of root-knot nematode parasitize peanut (Arachis hypogaea): Meloidogyne arenaria race 1 (Ma), M. hapla (Mh), and M. javanica (Mj). Peanut cultivars with broad resistance to Meloidogyne spp. will be useful regardless of the species present in the field. The objective of this study was to determine whether peanut genotypes with resistance to M. arenaria originating from three different breeding programs were also resistant to M. hapla and M. javanica. The experiment used a factorial arrangement (completely randomized) with peanut genotype and nematode population as the factors. The five peanut genotypes were 'COAN' and AT 0812 (highly resistant to M. a.), C209-6-13 (moderately resistant to M. a.), and 'Southern Runner' and 'Georgia Green' (susceptible to M. a.). The four nematode populations were two isolates of M. a. (Gibbs and Gop) and one isolate each of M. h. and M. j. On COAN or AT 0812, both M. a. and M. j. produced <10% of the eggs produced on Georgia Green. On the peanut genotype C209-6-13, M. a. and M. j. produced about 50% of the eggs produced on Georgia Green. None of the resistant genotypes exhibited a high level of resistance to M. h. The lack of resistance to M. h. in any cultivars or advanced germplasm is a concern because the identity of a Meloidogyne sp. in a particular peanut field is generally not known. Breeding efforts should focus on moving genes for resistance to M. hapla into advanced peanut germplasm, and combining genes for resistance to the major Meleioidogyne spp. in a single cultivar.