Protection of stored maize against Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.) by use of essential oils of spices from Cameroon
Ngamo, L.S.; Ngassoum, M.B.; Jirovetz, L.; Ousman, A.; Nukenine, E.C.; Mukala, O.E.
Mededelingen 66(2a): 473-478
2001
ISSN/ISBN: 1373-7503 PMID: 12425068 Document Number: 538382
In storage, maize as other cereals is currently attacked by insects. The main specie present in Cameroon is Sitophilus zeamais (Coleop. Curculionidae). The popular way to prevent its damages is the use of synthetic insecticides. These chemicals extend their activities to non target animals. They are potentially dangerous for consumers and are implicated in the pollution of the environment. The development of products killing pests which are consumer-friendly is to be improved. In this respect, the use of essential oils from spices and aromatic plants could help. Six essential oils were tested, 3 are causes of high insect mortality. Xylopia aethiopica Dunal (Anonaceae) killed 97% of adults weevils and Ocimum gratissimum, (L.) (Lamiaceae) 74% after 4 days after ingestion. Piper nigrum (L.) (Piperaceae) killing more than 96% of weevil 48 hours after the contact. The potential of these non toxic products to protect stored maize against attacks of S. zeamais is hereby appraised.