Autoimmune Thyroiditis: a Case Control Study on a Sample of Egyptian Type i Diabetic Patients
Bakr, H.G.; Salem, I.M.; Meawed, T.E.; Anis, R.H.; El-Hefnawy, M.H.
Egyptian Journal of Immunology 24(1): 119-130
2017
ISSN/ISBN: 1110-4902 PMID: 29120584 Document Number: 692176
Type 1 diabetic patients are vulnerable for autoimmune thyroid disease. The incidence of type I Diabetes in Egypt is 8/100000. Undiagnosed thyroid dysfunction impairs metabolic status and increase cardiovascular risks in diabetic patients. Objectives of the study were to underscore autoimmune thyroiditis and thyroid dysfunction on a sample of Egyptian type I diabetes mellitus. One hundred type 1 diabetic subjects without previously known thyroid diseases and 50 controls were included. Physical examination, HbA1c, thyroid profile (TSH, free T3 and free T4), thyroid ultrasound anti-peroxidase and anti-thyroglobulin antibodies were assessed. Autoimmune thyroiditis was detected in 27 % of the patients, and significantly associated with parental consanguinity, familial autoimmune disease and goiter. It is concluded that autoimmune thyroiditis is evident on laboratory assessment of type 1 diabetic patients who were apparently euthyroid. Screening of type I diabetics for thyroid diseases should be done even in absence of clinical evidence for better glycemic control and to improve long term outcome.