Reducing bone resorption by cathepsin K inhibitor and treatment of osteoporosis
Watanabe, R.; Okazaki, R.
Clinical Calcium 24(1): 59-67
2014
ISSN/ISBN: 0917-5857 PMID: 24369281 Document Number: 678287
Cathepsin K is a lysosomal cysteine protease, secreted from osteoclasts. It plays a major role in the osteoclastic bone resorption by cleaving type 1 collagen, the major bone matrix protein, under acidic pH. In cathepsin K knockout mice, bone mineral density (BMD) is increased, bone resorption is decreased without reduction in the number of osteoclast whereas bone formation is decreased. Based on these results, cathepsin K inhibitors have been developed for the treatment of osteoporosis. Odanacatib is one of them and is perhaps closest for launching. In phase 1 and 2 trials, it markedly reduced bone resorption with a transient reduction in bone formation, thus resulted in a robust increase in both trabecular and cortical BMD in osteoporotics. Currently, Odanacatib is in phase 3 fracture prevention trial, of which results are anticipated in 2014.