Serum lipids in children with phenylketonuria (PKU)
Acosta, P.B.; Alfin-Slater, R.B.; Koch, R.
Journal of the American Dietetic Association 63(6): 631-635
1973
ISSN/ISBN: 0002-8223 PMID: 4752061 Document Number: 58930
Serum lipids were examined in 70 patients with phenylketonuria treated by diet, 23 untreated and in 31 normal children; all were between 6 months and 16.5 years old. Total and free serum cholesterol were significantly lower in untreated and treated patients than in normal subjects but total serum lipids did not differ significantly in any of the groups. Only palmitoleic and lineoleic acids reflected differences in distribution in the serum triglycerides. Treated patients had less palmitoleic and a greater percentage of linoleic acid than normal, while the normal children had a greater percentage of linoleic acid in serum triglycerides than untreated patients. The fatty acid distribution in serum phospholipid was similar in all except for low percentages of oleic acid in the treated and low linoleate in the untreated patients. Serum sterol esters of the treated group had lower palmitoleate than the other groups, while the untreated patients had more palmitoleate than normal children. Linoleate was high in the sterol esters of the treated group and lower in the untreated group than in the normal children. Distribution of fatty acids in serum free fatty acids was similar in all groups except for higher linoleate values related to diet in treated subjects.