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High altitude hypoxia culture and human fecundity fertility a comparative study

Goldstein, M.C.; Tsarong, P.; Beall, C.M.

American Anthropologist 85(1): 28-49

1983

ISSN/ISBN: 0002-7294
DOI: 10.1525/aa.1983.85.1.02a00020
Document Number: 392880
New demographic findings are presented for a high altitude Himalayan population residing in Ladakh, India. Problematic issues regarding the hypothesized relationship between fertility/fecundity and altitude in the Himalayas in light of these findings are reviewed. The low completed fertility ratio reported for the Sherpas of Khumbu, Nepal, is not caused by hypoxia-induced low fecundity, but is the product of cultural factors affecting the exposure of females to the risk of intercourse, a critical confounding factor that has not received adequate consideration in previous studies. Contrary to earlier reports, the present study demonstrates that all high altitude Himalayan populations for which published data exist exhibit moderately high fertility and fecundity, and do not differ significantly in their fertility levels. It argues that the claims for a statistically significant difference in fertility between high, moderate and low altitude Himalayan populations are groundless, and suggests that a parallel reevaluation of Andean findings is required.

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