Unilateral renal agenesia in the angiographic material and renovascular hypertension
Stojanov, D.; Lovasić, I.; Dujmović, M.; Bobinac, D.
Rontgen-Blatter; Zeitschrift für Rontgen-Technik und Medizinisch-Wissenschaftliche Photographie 40(6): 179-181
1987
ISSN/ISBN: 0300-8592 PMID: 3616425 Document Number: 299430
Analysis of 1216 abdominal aortographies and selective renovasographies undertaken at the Institute of Radiology, Clinical Hospital Centre Rijeka during the period 1979-1985, was performed 39 (3,2%) unilateral renal agenesias were established, a percentage that is significantly higher than reported by other authors. Analysis of all angiographic parameters of a single kidney was also worked out. A significantly high percentage (66,7%) of hypertension was diagnosed in this group. Congenital renal failures make their appearance in the early embryological development and are discovered, if compatible with life, most frequently at an advanced age. Statistical data on the frequency during a lifetime are less reliable because a greater number of anomalies are never discovered during a persons' life. The etiology of variations and congenital failure of renal arteries is unknown in 90% of the cases, and most of the malformations are without characteristic symptomatology. Since the anatomic relations in anomalous kidney are disturbed, the sign of the disease can develop atypical forms causing frequent errors in diagnostics. The kidney is supplied by numerous lateral branches of the medial sacral artery, i.e., the aorta, during embryological development. Later, some of them degenerate or mutually connect themselves, and the definitive kidney has been usually penetrated by only one artery and one vein on the same side (1). If this is not so, i.e. when the obliterations of caudal metanephogenic arteries are only partially present, then the renal arteries emerge from the iliac or lumbar arteries (2,3). Bilateral renal agenesia is extreme and incompatible with life, and hence of small clinical importance. Unilateral agenesia makes its appearance according to various statistics and authors from the obductional materials in ratio 1:1000 (4,5), clinical ones 1:500 (6,7,8) and the angiographically 1:76 (9), more exactly 1:35 cases (10).