An unusual seroconversion profile in a pregnant woman infected with the human immunodeficiency virus-1: need for using later generations HIV screening assays
Kannangai, R.; Kandathil, A.J.; Daniel, H.D.; Prasannakumar, S.; Lionnel, J.; Abraham, P.
Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology 26(4): 390-392
2008
ISSN/ISBN: 0255-0857 PMID: 18974501 Document Number: 203739
The first HIV-1 marker that appears in blood following infection is HIV-1 RNA and usually the load is in millions of copies/ ml preceding seroconversion. A 24-year-old pregnant woman, gravida 2, parity 1 was tested for HIV as part of antenatal screening. Three samples were collected and tested from this individual over a period 70 days. The HIV-1 RNA level during seroconversion phase was very low, contrary to the well understood natural history of HIV infection. The reactivity rate in the ELISA and the Western Blot profile showed a gradual increase over the 70 days with a weak reactivity in a second generation assay (detects IgG only) for the third sample. This case illustrates the uncertainties regarding the serological window period in HIV infection and the need to use at least a third generation assay in testing centres for early detection of HIV infection.
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