Clinical concepts in bone modeling
Rubin, P.; Squire, L.
American Journal of Roentgenology, Radium Therapy, and Nuclear Medicine 82(2): 217-228
1959
ISSN/ISBN: 0002-9580 PMID: 13670324 Document Number: 8494
1. In brief, the shaft of a long bone grows in two directions width and length. The regulating processes in width are referred to as modeling. The term constriction is more appropriate to the events occurring in the metaphyseal area. The term tubulation should perhaps be reserved for the activity of the diaphysis and not be interchanged with constriction. This is contrary to the usual usage of these terms where no distinction is made. 2. The prefix "over" and "under" appended to the terms constriction and tubulation should be abandoned. 3. Dysplasias of the epiphyseal area are characterized by a primary failure in cartilage proliferation, whereas periosteal osteogenesis is unaffected, resulting in a rectangular shaft. 4. Dysplasias of the metaphyseal area are manifested in symmetric expansion of the metaphyses, the basis of which is a failure of constriction due to interference with the absorptive processes in Zones 4 and 5. 5. Dysplasias of the diaphyseal area encompass any defects of tubulation which are related to an abnormality in cortical intramembranous bone formation, osteoclasis or marrow expansion.
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