Many issues about bone quality
Saito, M.
Clinical Calcium 22(6): 865-869
2012
ISSN/ISBN: 0917-5857 PMID: 22653026 Document Number: 656130
According to the present definition of osteoporosis, bone mineral density, architecture, and tissue material properties are important factors in determining bone strength. Bone matrix consists of a two-phase composite material in which the mineral phase provides stiffness and collagen provide tensile strength and ductility. The proposed determinants of bone strength at the material level are the degree of mineralization of basic structure units, microdamage accumulation, and collagen cross-link formation. These are regulated by cellular activities, tissue turnover rate, and the levels of oxidative stress and glycation. In this review, I describe the concerns regarding bone qualities.