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Mechanism of DNA methylation and demethylation--its role in control of genes expression

Guz, J.; Foksiński, M.; Oliński, R.

Postepy Biochemii 56(1): 7-15

2010

ISSN/ISBN: 0032-5422
PMID: 20499676
Document Number: 642507
Cytosine methylation is a post-replicative DNA modification associated with transcriptional repression. This process consists in covalent addition of a methyl group to cytosine within the CpG dinucleotide. DNA methylation is catalyzed by DNA methyltransferases which transfer a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to cytosine bases in DNA. Methylation patterns are determined by DNA methyltransferases, but also by the process of DNA demethylation. This review describes biochemical aspects of DNA methylation and demethylation and its role in regulation of genes expression, as well as shows cytosine methylation as promising target for anticancer therapy.

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