Antibiotic resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae colonising the nasopharynx of HIV-exposed Tanzanian infants
Bles, P.; de Mast, Q.; van der Gaast-de Jongh, C.E.; Kinabo, G.D.; Kibiki, G.; van de Ven, A.; de Jonge, M.I.
Tropical Medicine and International Health Tm and Ih 20(11): 1559-1563
2015
ISSN/ISBN: 1365-3156 PMID: 26224321 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.12582Document Number: 636580
To determine antibiotic susceptibility of colonising pneumococcal serotypes in HIV-exposed infants before the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13), because HIV-exposed infants are at increased risk of invasive pneumococcal infections. Antibiotic susceptibility of 104 pneumococcal isolates, cultured from the nasopharynx from Tanzanian HIV-exposed infants, was determined using the disc diffusion method and the E-test according to EUCAST version 4.0 (2014) criteria. A total of 69.2% of isolates were intermediately susceptible for benzyl penicillin (MIC 0.06-2 mg/l ); no high-level resistance was found. All isolates but one were susceptible to ampicillin. Regarding non-beta-lactam antibiotics, 19.2% of isolates were resistant to doxycycline, 3.8% to erythromycin and 97.1% to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. A total of 15.4% of isolates were resistant to three antibiotic classes or more. There were no differences in antibiotic susceptibility between vaccine and non-vaccine serotypes. Reduced susceptibility of colonising pneumococcal isolates for commonly used antibiotics is common in HIV-exposed Tanzanian infants. High-dose penicillin and ampicillin remain appropriate first choices for non-meningeal pneumococcal infections in this group.
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