Mother-to-child HIV transmission in a cohort of pregnant women diagnosed by rapid HIV testing at Tijuana General Hospital, Baja California, Mexico
Viani, R.M.; Ruiz-Calderon, J.; Lopez, G.; Chacón-Cruz, E.; Spector, S.A.
Journal of the International Association of Physicians in Aids Care 9(2): 82-86
2010
ISSN/ISBN: 1545-1097 PMID: 20335496 DOI: 10.1177/1545109710363920Document Number: 623532
This study evaluated an obstetrical program using rapid HIV testing for the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (MTCT) in Baja California, Mexico. Between 2003 and 2005, 45 women in labor and 17 prenatal care women were HIV infected. Among labor patients, 14 (31%) delivered by cesarean section compared with 17 (100%) prenatal care patients (P < .001). Intravenous maternal zidovudine (ZDV) and infant oral ZDV were more frequently administered in prenatal care compared to labor patients: 94% versus 33% (P < .001) and 100% versus 79% (P < .001), respectively. All prenatal care women received combination therapy. All 10 HIV-infected infants were in the labor group, resulting in a MTCT rate of 23% (95% confidence interval [CI] 9.5-34.8) compared to 0% (95% CI 0-1.8; P < .001) among the prenatal care group. Five (50%) of the HIV-infected infants had an AIDS diagnosis and 2 (20%) died within 18 months of birth. Women diagnosed during labor had a high HIV MTCT and poor postnatal outcome.