Does cotrimoxazole prophylaxis for the prevention of HIV-associated opportunistic infections select for resistant pathogens in Kenyan adults?

Hamel, M.J.; Greene, C.; Chiller, T.; Ouma, P.; Polyak, C.; Otieno, K.; Williamson, J.; Shi, Y.Ping.; Feikin, D.R.; Marston, B.; Brooks, J.T.; Poe, A.; Zhou, Z.; Ochieng, B.; Mintz, E.; Slutsker, L.; Hamel, M.J; Greene, C; Chiller, T; Ouma, P; Polyak, C; Otieno, K; Williamson, J; Shi, Y.Ping; Feikin, D.R; Marston, B; Brooks, J.T; Poe, A; Zhou, Z; Ochieng, B; Mintz, E; Slutsker, L

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Does cotrimoxazole prophylaxis for the prevention of HIV-associated opportunistic infections select for resistant pathogens in Kenyan adults?

Hamel, M.J.; Greene, C.; Chiller, T.; Ouma, P.; Polyak, C.; Otieno, K.; Williamson, J.; Shi, Y.Ping.; Feikin, D.R.; Marston, B.; Brooks, J.T.; Poe, A.; Zhou, Z.; Ochieng, B.; Mintz, E.; Slutsker, L.

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 79(3): 320-330

2008

ISSN/ISBN: 0002-9637

PMID: 18784222

Document Number: 616885

We assessed the effect of daily cotrimoxazole, essential for HIV care, on development of antifolate-resistant Plasmodium falciparum, nasopharyngeal Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus), and commensal Escherichia coli. HIV-positive subjects with CD4 cell count <350 cells/ micro l (lower-CD4; N=692) received cotrimoxazole; HIV-positive with CD4 cell count >=350 cells/ micro l (higher-CD4; N=336) and HIV-negative subjects (N=132) received multivitamins.