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Cellular signal transduction pathways in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure

Lewartowski, B.; Mackiewicz, U.

Kardiologia Polska 64(10 Suppl 6: S591-S600

2006

ISSN/ISBN: 0022-9032
PMID: 20527382
Document Number: 595849
Cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure are characterized by significant changes of expression and function of many proteins. These changes are responsible for arrhythmias and haemodynamic disturbances. They are initiated by increased cardiac load, detected by cellular mechanoreceptors, and by activation of sarcolemmal chemoreceptors in myocytes and fibroblasts. In the present paper the authors describe the structure and function of molecular cellular pathways for transmission of the information generated by receptors to the nucleus, where it modifies the expression of genes coding for cellular proteins. The authors describe in detail: structure and function of Z-discs and integrins working as mechanoreceptors, calcineurin/NFAT pathways, MAP kinases pathways, pathway activated by AT1 receptors: protein kinase C pathways, AKT/mTHOR kinase pathway and EGRF/ERK1,2 pathway. Functional relationships between pathways mentioned and the results of studies analysing their role in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure are also presented.

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