Decomposition of natural aromatic structures and xenobiotics by fungi
Rabinovich, M.L.; Bolobova, A.V.; Vasil'chenko, L.G.
Prikladnaia Biokhimiia i Mikrobiologiia 40(1): 5-23
2004
ISSN/ISBN: 0555-1099 PMID: 15029691 Document Number: 582386
The review deals with transformation of natural and synthetic aromatic compounds by fungi (causative agents of white rot, brown rot, or soft rot, as well as soil filamentous fungi). Major enzyme types involved in the transformation of lignin and aromatic xenobiotics are discussed, with emphasis on activity regulation under the conditions of secondary metabolism and oxidative stress. Coupling of systems degrading polysaccharides/lignin and non-phenolic lignin structures (without the involvement of lignin peroxidase) is analyzed, together with non-enzymatic mechanisms (involving lipoperoxide free radicals, cation-radicals, quinoid mediators, or transition metal ions). Metabolic pathways resulting in the formation of aromatic and haloaromatic compounds in fungi are described. Consideration is given to the mechanisms of fungal adaptation to aromatic xenobiotics.