Endothelin in the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of patients after head injury
Beuth, W.; Kasprzak, H.; Kotschy, M.; Woźniak, B.; Kulwas, A.; Sniegocki, M.
Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska 35(Suppl 5): 125-129
2001
ISSN/ISBN: 0028-3843 PMID: 11935673 Document Number: 536605
Endothelin (ET) is identified as a potent vasoconstrictor peptide. It can cause a cerebral vasospam after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Its long-lasting vasoconstricting activity has been well documented. The role of ET in response to head injury is not clear. ET can participate in astrocyte activation and oxidative stress after trauma. The aim of this presentation was to investigate ET in the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of patients after head injury and estimation of relation between the ET csf level and clinical condition of the patients and also relation of ET csf level and changes in the CT-scan and usefulness of ET as independent prognostic factor. We examined 30 patients at Day 1 after trauma (28 male, 2 female, aged 19-34 y, mean 30, 4, GCS ranged 8-15). CT-examination showed post-traumatic changes in 19 cases (11 with brain edema only, 8 with brain contusion). We measured ET by immunoenzymatic method using standard kits (Biomedica). The ET plasma level reached 1.12 +/- 0.63 fmol/ml (in the control group--0.44 +/- 0.19 fmol/ml) and c ET csf level 1.03 +/- 0.49 (in the control group--0.07 +/- 0.09 fmol/ml). W confirmed the correlation between the ET level and patients consciousness (by GCS) (p < 0.01). The ET csf level was highest in the patients with brain contusion in CT-scan (p < 0.02). Using multivariate analyses, we showed that ET can be used as a prognostic factor of results of treatment (p < 0.02). The ET level is elevated in the plasma of patients after head injury. ET is also present and strongly elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid of the same patients. The ET level in cerebrospinal fluid is associated with clinical condition of patients and elevated in cases with brain edema and structural brain damage. The ET level in cerebrospinal fluid is related to post-traumatic changes of the brain such as oedema and structural damage present in the CT-scan. ET can be used as a prognostic factor of results of treatment.