Toxicity of a piperazine-carbon disulfide-phenothiazine preparation in the horse
Glenn, M.W.; Burr, W.M.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 160(7): 988-992
1972
ISSN/ISBN: 0003-1488 PMID: 5014891 Document Number: 50025
The toxicity of phenothiazine-piperazine-carbon disulphide complex (Parvex Plus) to horses, was assessed after a single dose of 30, 44, 89, 148 and 237 ml active ingradient/45 kg body-weight, administered via a stomach tube. Horses given 30, 44 and 148 ml/45 kg were unaffected. 2 of 4 horses given 89 ml/45 kg walked unsteadily between 24 and 48 hours after treatment and all 4 horses dosed with 237 ml/45 kg showed marked signs of toxicosis, so severe in one case that the horse had to be killed. Detailed haematological examinations were carried out. Blood urea nitrogen and total bilirubin values were increased slightly to moderately in a somewhat dose-related pattern in all treated groups, indicating a degree of hepatic and renal dysfunction. In the group dosed at 237 ml/45 kg serum glutamic oxalacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminase activities and cholesterol values were also increased, indicating hepatic damage. Serum protein-bound iodine and magnesium values were also depressed in a dose-related pattern. Serum iron content was increased slightly. Other blood chemical measures were unaffected and other treatment-related haematological alterations were not observed. Gross and microscopic tissue changes were not noticed in horses treated with 30 to 148 ml/45 kg and autopsied 72 hours after treatment.