Protective effects of cardioxane against anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in relapsed acute myeloid leukemias
Lemez, P.; Maresová, J.
Neoplasma 43(6): 417-419
1996
ISSN/ISBN: 0028-2685 PMID: 8996568 Document Number: 467563
The clinical use of anthracyclines and related antitumor agents is limited by their cumulative dose-related cardiac toxicity. Cardioxane (ICRF-187) is an agent that has been recommended to block selectively this toxicity which e.g. limits the use of daunorubicin (DNR) in doses higher than 550-700 mg/m-2. We decided to use cardioxane in patients with relapsed acute myeloid leukemias (AML) who have previously been treated with DNR doses above 500 mg/m-2. Seven patients with relapsed AML received cardioxane 30 min before DNR or mitozantrone (MTZ) in doses 8-13 times higher than DNR or 40-60 times higher than MTZ. Two patients received anthracyclines cumulative doses corresponding to more than 1300 mg/m-2 and 1000 mg/m-2 of DNR, respectively without any signs of cardiac toxicity. The other 5 AML patients in relapse received 1-3 chemotherapy cycles with cardioxane. Their total cumulative doses of DNR were 550-750 mg/m-2 and their left ventricular ejection fraction remained above 50% as were their pretreatment values. Cardioxane seems to be a useful cardioprotective agent in relapsed AML which enables further treatment with anthracyclines.