Role of beta-chemokines in suppressing HIV replication
Mackewicz, C.E.; Barker, E.; Levy, J.A.
Science 274(5291): 1393-1395
1996
ISSN/ISBN: 0036-8075 PMID: 8966605 Document Number: 459072
Responding to a previous report [Cocchi, F. et al. Science (1995) 270, 1811] that 3 different beta -chemokines produced by CD8+ T cells suppress HIV replication in peripheral mononuclear blood cells, it is noted that some beta -chemokines exhibit anti-HIV activity in vitro against certain primary isolates. However, as observed with interferons, IL-8, TGF beta and TNF alpha , these cytokines are not primarily responsible for the non-cytotoxic antiviral activity observed with CD8+ cells. Production of cell antiviral factor (CAF) is highest in asymptomatic individuals and decreases with progression to disease. RANTES, MIP-1 alpha and MIP-1 beta are not present in higher concentrations in CD8+ cell culture fluids from HIV-infected individuals who are long-term survivors as compared with those fluids from individuals in whom the disease is progressing. They do not show the broad antiviral activity of CAF. Moreover, they do not appear to suppress HIV transcription, as do CAF and CD8+ cells when they are added to infected CD4+ cells. A reply from Cocchi et al. follows (pp.1394-5).