Pharmacokinetics of sodium humate in chickens
Hampl, J.; Herzig, I.; Vlcek, J.
Veterinarni Medicina 39(6): 305-313
1994
ISSN/ISBN: 0375-8427 PMID: 8053118 Document Number: 429810
Free or liposome-encapsulated sodium humate (a 500 micro g dose) was administered intracardially, orally or subcutaneously to 60 chicks of 800 g body weight and the following pharmacokinetic characteristics were determined: elimination half-life, steady state distribution volume, blood clearance, maximum drug concentration (Cmax), time required for appearance of Cmax, area under the curve, and bioavailability. Blood clearance of liposome-encapsulated sodium humate was higher than that of free sodium humate regardless of the route of administration. On the other hand, the elimination half-life was longer after the extravascular than after the intracardial administration. Cmax values indicate that the penetration of sodium humate from the injection site into blood circulation is very slow. Biological availability of sodium humate also depended on the route of administration and dosage form. Excluding intracardial administration, the highest bioavailability was found after subcutaneous administration of free sodium humate.