The Risser sign: a critical analysis
Little, D.G.; Sussman, M.D.
Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics 14(5): 569-575
1994
ISSN/ISBN: 0271-6798 PMID: 7962495 Document Number: 427746
Orthopedic surgeons commonly use the Risser sign to estimate skeletal maturity; however, the data presented in the orthopedic literature supporting the accuracy of the Risser sign in estimating skeletal maturity do not stand up to critical statistical analysis. The Risser sign is less accurate than chronologic age as a predictor of skeletal age and should not be used as a substitute for a hand and wrist radiograph in most cases. The Risser sign is also no better a predictor of scoliosis progression than is chronologic age.