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The causes of deforestation in developing countries

Allen, J.C.; Barnes, D.F.

Annals of the Association of American Geographers 75(2): 163-184

1985

DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8306.1985.tb00079.x
Document Number: 425984
The most recent (and sometimes controversial) estimates of deforestation in Developing Countries are reviewed and relations between deforestation and its probable causes analysed. Three recent estimates for Developing Countries between 1968 and 1978 are compared using rank order correlation. Two estimates (of closed forest and moist tropical forest) were in significant agreement but a third which included open woodland and regenerating forest was not. All 3 estimates were in strong agreement for a restricted group of countries. A cross-national analysis confirmed the most frequently cited causes of deforestation. In 1968-78 deforestation in 39 countries in Africa, Latin America and Asia was significantly related to the rate of population growth over the whole period and to wood fuels production and wood exports in 1968. It was indirectly related to agricultural expansion and not related to the growth of per capita GNP. It is concluded that in the short-term deforestation is caused by population growth and agricultural expansion while, in the long term it is aggravated by harvesting for fuel and export.

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