Levofloxacin in the field of dermatology
Kanzaki, H.; Torigoe, R.; Yamada, T.; Abe, Y.; Shimoe, K.; Akiyama, H.; Arata, J.; Umemura, S.; Katayama, H.; Nishihara, O.
Japanese Journal of Antibiotics 45(5): 576-584
1992
ISSN/ISBN: 0368-2781 PMID: 1512944 Document Number: 392356
1. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of levofloxacin (LVFX, DR-3355), ofloxacin (OFLX), tosufloxacin (TFLX), norfloxacin (NFLX) were determined, with an inoculum size of 10(6) cfu/ml, against 122 strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from lesions of skin infections. LVFX showed most frequent MIC values of 0.20 micrograms/ml. OFLX, TFLX, and NFLX showed most frequent MIC values of 0.39 micrograms/ml, less than or equal to 0.05 micrograms/ml and 0.78 micrograms/ml, respectively. 2. Serum and skin levels of LVFX after oral administration (10 mg/kg, fasting) were determined in rats. Serum levels were 1.79, 1.29, 0.60, 0.43 and 0.18 micrograms/ml, and corresponding skin levels were 1.63, 1.77, 1.04, 0.87 and 0.64 micrograms/g (wet weight) at 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8 hours after administration (n = 5), respectively. 3. LVFX was used clinically in 43 cases at doses of 200-300 mg divided into 2 or 3 doses, and evaluated for final overall clinical efficacy in 41 cases. Cure was observed in 21 cases, remarkable improvement in 13 cases, improvement in 4 cases, unchanged in 1 case, aggravation in 1 case, and remarkable aggravation in 1 case. Diarrhea was observed in 2 cases, diffuse erythema with feverishness in 1 case and slight dyspnea in 1 case. Transient slight eosinophilia, elevation of Al-P, anemia and leukopenia were observed.