The etiology of central serous chorioretinopathy
Yoshioka, H.
Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi 95(12): 1181-1195
1991
ISSN/ISBN: 0029-0203 PMID: 1776600 Document Number: 383027
We found several fluorescein fundus angiographic findings of the retinal pigment epithelium in the experimental central serous chorioretinopathy (ECSC) i.e., the typical leaking spot (smoke-stack type or inkblot type), acute retinal pigment epitheliitis-like, APMPPE-like, triangular syndrome-like, drusen-like lesions, and retinal pigment epithelium decompensation during the observations of the six months period in the same monkey. Immediately after onset of ECSC, we found that the typical leaking spot appeared after retinal venous filling phase or appeared in the margin of the choroidal filling delay. The leaking spot, acute retinal pigment epitheliitis-like, APMPPE-like and drusen-like lesions spontaneously healed without scar formation and were related to the mild choroidal ischemia. These findings correpond to those seen in human central serous chorioretinopathy. As an initial change, choroidal neovascularization in the macula was also found in the eye with recurrent or chronic ECSC by electron microscopy. Considering the fluorescein fundus angiographic findings of this monkey, it was suggested that the recurrent or chronic, mild choroidal ischemia seems to play an important role in the development of the choroidal neovascularization. Therefore, we believe that the ECSC is an animal model of the human central serous chorioretinopathy. We also found that the development of ECSC produced by intravenous injection of the adrenalin in rabbits is completely suppressed by the pretreatment of .alpha.-adrenergic receptor blocking agent and is incompletely suppressed by the pretreatment of .beta. adrenergic receptor blocking agent and ganglionic blocking agent. These results strongly suggest that the stress plays an important role in the development of the central serous chorioretinopathy.