Contribution of various foods to fat and fatty acids intake among urban and semi-urban women of Punjab
Goyal, U.; Sadana, B.; Verma, S.
Journal of Human Ecology 18(3): 217-220
2005
ISSN/ISBN: 0970-9274 DOI: 10.1080/09709274.2005.11905833Document Number: 264279
Three day dietary survey was carried out on 100 women each from semi-urban (Dhuri) and urban (Sangrur) areas of Punjab and their fat and fatty acid intake was calculated. Desi ghee/butter was most frequently used fat followed by vanaspati and rice bran oil. Total daily fat intake was 44 (25.8 en%) and 45.8 g (27.6 en%) while visible fat intake was 21 and 23 g in semi-urban and urban areas respectively. Daily intake of linoleic (LA) and linolenic acid (ALNA) was 5.2 (3.04 en%) and 0.75a (0.44 en%) in semi-urban area and 4.45 (2.27 en%) and 0.71 g (0.43 en%) in urban area, respectively, while LA/ALNA ratio was 6.98 and 6.30 and was within the normal range of 5-10. Cereals contributed more than 50% of LA and ALNA each while visible fats contributed nearly 1/3 of LA and 1/4 of ALNA. The ratio of SFA: MUFA: PUFA was 2.9: 1.7: 1.0 in semi-urban and 3.6: 2.0: 1.0 among urban women compared to desired level of 1: 1: 1, being adversely in favour of SFA. Visible fats provided between 50-60% of SFA and MUFA while milk provided 25% of SFA and 30% of MUFA. However, cereals were the main contributors of PUFA supplying > 50% followed by visible fats providing nearly 30% of PUFA. Dietary modification in visible tat is recommended.