Lactate and glycerol release from adipose tissue in lean, obese, and diabetic women from South Africa

van der Merwe, M.T.; Schlaphoff, G.P.; Crowther, N.J.; Boyd, I.H.; Gray, I.P.; Joffe, B.I.; Lönnroth, P.N.; van der Merwe, M.T; Schlaphoff, G.P; Crowther, N.J; Boyd, I.H; Gray, I.P; Joffe, B.I; Lönnroth, P.N

doi:10.1210/jcem.86.7.7670

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Lactate and glycerol release from adipose tissue in lean, obese, and diabetic women from South Africa

van der Merwe, M.T.; Schlaphoff, G.P.; Crowther, N.J.; Boyd, I.H.; Gray, I.P.; Joffe, B.I.; Lönnroth, P.N.

Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 86(7): 3296-3303

2001

ISSN/ISBN: 0021-972X

PMID: 11443204

DOI: 10.1210/jcem.86.7.7670

Document Number: 259829

Abnormalities observed in intermediary metabolism may be related to the pathogenesis of obesity-related diseases such as type 2 diabetes. Glycerol and lactate production was estimated in the sc adipose tissue of two anatomical regions of 10 lean (LW), 10 obese (OW), and 10 matched diabetic (DW) black urban women [South Africa]. This was done with the sc microdialysis technique and combined with adipose tissue blood flow (ATBF) rates calculated from 133Xe clearance. Biochemical measurements were made in the postabsorptive and postprandial state. Bioimpedance and computed tomography scans were used to define body composition. DW present with more visceral fat (DW, 138+or-5.0; OW, 66.6+or-5.0 cm; P<0.01). This was associated with elevated free testosterone levels (DW, 1.21+or-0.1; OW, 0.75+or-0.1 nmol/litre; P<0.05). The fasting free fatty acid (FFA), glycerol and lactate levels increased across the three groups (LWabdominal). Lactate release (LR) was low in DW [abdominal, 0 h: DW, 3.5+or-0.4; OW, 7.8+or-1.0 micro mol/kg.min (P<0.001); femoral, 0 h: DW, 3.1+or-0.3; OW, 9.0+or-0.9 micro mol/kg.min (P<0.001)]. LR was appropriately low for body fat mass in LW, with a brisk increase between 0 and 1.5 h. A negative correlation exists between GR (abdominal area) and insulin levels in the postabsorptive state (P<0.0001). In conclusion, (1) the fasting lipolytic rate is associated with insulin levels; (2) OW and DW have more adipose tissue insulin resistance than LW; (3) OW and DW have a brisker lipolysis in the femoral area; and (4) in DW, higher visceral mass is associated with elevated free testosterone and FFA concentrations. Obesity in the black population is therefore characterized by a marked degree of adipose tissue lipolysis. This degree of resistance together with increasing body fat mass may predispose the obese women to developing type 2 diabetes. Once this disease is established, the onset of adipose tissue vascular insulin resistance will sustain ongoing insulin resistance, even in the presence of relative insulinopaenia.

Lactate and glycerol release from adipose tissue in lean, obese, and diabetic women from South Africa

van der Merwe, M.T.; Schlaphoff, G.P.; Crowther, N.J.; Boyd, I.H.; Gray, I.P.; Joffe, B.I.; Lönnroth, P.N.

Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 86(7): 3296-3303

2001

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