Molecular mechanisms of initiation and promotion of multistage chemical carcinogenesis
Khudoleĭ, V.V.
Voprosy Onkologii 31(2): 94-99
1985
ISSN/ISBN: 0507-3758 PMID: 3883654 Document Number: 245891
Multistage carcinogenesis is the process of development of neoplastic changes including the successive stages of initiation and promotion which occur in a strict order. This process is subject to the application of a similarly strict sequence of exo and/or endogenous carcinogenic factors, either of which alone is incapable of tumor induction. Initiation includes the phases of metabolic activation, interaction of reactive metabolites with DNA and fixation of induced lesion. It is the stage of development of such primary mutation lesions of genotype of target-cells as the irreversible transition of these cells to an initiated status (predisposition to transformation). Promotion is the stage of quantitative and quantitative and quantative-qualitative changes including secondary epigenomic reversible lesions of the phenotype (gene expression) of intiated cells. This process culminate in irreversible transformation of cells.