Constitutional chromosome anomalies and acute leukemia
Turc-Carel, C.; Mugneret, F.; Sidaner, I.
La Semaine des Hopitaux Organe Fonde Par l'Association d'Enseignement Medical des Hopitaux de Paris 59(32): 2267-2272
1983
ISSN/ISBN: 0037-1777 PMID: 6314516 Document Number: 217837
A review on the association between acute leukemias (AL) and constitutional chromosome abnormalities (CCA) is presented. AL, myeloblastic or lymphoblastic according to age are 18 to 20 times more frequent in Down Syndrome (DS) children than in non DS children. The incidence of acquired chromosome abnormalities is similar in leukemic cells of DS and non DS patients but the type of anomalies, in the leukemic myeloblastic cells of DS, are different : hyperdiploidy, excess of C, F and G. Gain of chromosomes 8, 19 and 22 would characterize leukemic myeloblasts in an early stage of differentiation. Recent data on transient leukemoid reactions show that a 21 in DS appears to be predisposing factor in the development of AL. Association between AL and other balanced or unbalanced CCA appears until now to be fortuitous.