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Timing and determinants of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Nigeria

Charurat, M.; Datong, P.; Matawal, B.; Ajene, A.; Blattner, W.; Abimiku, A.'l.

International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics the Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 106(1): 8-13

2009

ISSN/ISBN: 1879-3479
PMID: 19345943
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2009.02.017
Document Number: 205783
To characterize the timing and determinants of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV among mothers receiving single-dose nevirapine to prevent MTCT in Nigeria. Three hundred and seventy-one HIV-infected mothers and their infants were followed from birth, at 1 week, and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Risks of in utero (IU), intrapartum (IP/EPP), and postnatal (PP) transmission were quantified using conditional Cox regressions. Maternal viral load was the only risk factor for IU transmission after controlling for known risk factors. Low birth weight, premature birth, mixed feeding, and maternal viral load were associated with IP/EPP transmission. Increased PP transmission was associated with low birth weight and mixed feeding. At 6 months, mixed-fed infants were more likely to acquire infection than formula-fed infants (hazard ratio=5.74; 95% CI, 1.26-26.2). Risk factors for IU transmission differed from those of IP and PP transmission. Reducing mixed feeding and low birth weight delivery among HIV-infected mothers can further decrease IP and PP transmission.

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Timing and determinants of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Nigeria

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