High prevalence of nasopharyngeal colonization by Staphylococcus aureus among children with HIV-1 infection in extreme southern Brazil
D'Avila, N.E.M.; Zhang, L.; Miller, R.G.; D'Avila, A.C.; Conceição, A.P.C.; Boffo, M.S.
Journal of Tropical Pediatrics 54(6): 410-412
2008
ISSN/ISBN: 0142-6338 PMID: 18593739 DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmn051Document Number: 204486
To compare nasopharyngeal colonization between children with HIV-1 infection and those without HIV-1 infection, with special emphasis on nasopharyngeal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus. This hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out in the Paediatric Day Hospital of a teaching hospital. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected in 93 children aged up to 18 years old born to HIV-positive mothers (31 children with HIV-1 infection and 62 age-matched non-infected children). The prevalence of nasopharyngeal colonization by S. aureus was higher among children with HIV-1 infection compared with those without HIV-1 infection (45.16% vs. 12.9%, p = 0.001). After adjusting all potential confounders, HIV-1 infection was an independent risk factor for nasopharyngeal colonization by S. aureus, with a prevalence ratio of 4.29 (95% confidence interval: 1.72-10.70). Children with HIV-1 infection had a higher prevalence of nasopharyngeal colonization by S. aureus than children without HIV-1 infection. Most of the isolated strains of S. aureus were methicillin-susceptible.