HIV prevention and low-income Chilean women: machismo, marianismo and HIV misconceptions
Cianelli, R.; Ferrer, L.; McElmurry, B.J.
Culture, Health and Sexuality 10(3): 297-306
2008
DOI: 10.2307/20461006Document Number: 200540
Socio-cultural factors and HIV-related misinformation contribute to the increasing number of Chilean women living with HIV. In spite of this, and to date, few culturally specific prevention activities have been developed for this population. The goal of the present study was to elicit the perspectives of low-income Chilean women regarding HIV and relevant socio-cultural factors, as a forerunner to the development of a culturally appropriate intervention. As part of a mixed-methods study, 50 low-income Chilean women participated in a survey and 20 were selected to participate in prevention, in-depth interviews. Data were collected during October 2003. Results show evidence of widespread misinformation and misconceptions related to HIV/AIDS. Machismo and marianismo offer major barriers to prevention programme development. Future HIV prevention should stress partner communication, empowerment and improving the education of women vulnerable to HIV.