An invasive procedure for in utero fetal electrocardiology: recording of fetal electrocardiograms by applying electrodes through the uterus
Williams, H.B.; Rankin, J.S.; Hamlin, R.L.
American Journal of Veterinary Research 39(1): 183-184
1978
ISSN/ISBN: 0002-9645 PMID: 343665 Document Number: 137031
An in utero technique was developed that allows direct access to the canine fetus for experimentation. This procedure reduces the need for fetal manipulation and umbilical blood flow compromise and reduces fetal fluid loss. In pregnant bitches, uterine horns could be delivered through a ventral midline incision. By manipulating the fetal membranes, and positioning the fetuses through them, electrodes could be inserted subcutaneously in the fetuses. Electrocardiograms satisfactory for interpretation were obtained from as many as 4 fetuses in a bitch for periods up to postoperative week 3.