First report of suspected ethylene glycol poisoning in 2 dogs in South Africa
Keller, N.; Goddard, A.
Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 76(2): 116-119
2005
ISSN/ISBN: 1019-9128 PMID: 16108533 Document Number: 589319
Ethylene glycol (anti-freeze) toxicity is a serious emergency in both veterinary and human medicine. Ethylene glycol (E/G) is the active anti-freeze principle in radiator water additives. It is odourless, colourless and has a sweet taste. As little as 5-20 ml is sufficient to kill a cat or a dog, respectively. Ethylene glycol is rapidly absorbed and metabolized in the liver to oxalate, which is deposited as calcium oxalate in the kidneys causing irreversible damage. This report describes 2 dogs suspected to have ingested ethylene glycol. A description of the 3 stages of ethylene glycol toxicity is given as well as a short discussion of the treatment. Public awareness about the dangers of anti-freeze will help in limiting exposure of pets and humans to this potentially fatal toxin. Veterinarians should be aware of anti-freeze toxicity, because delayed recognition and treatment can lead to the death of the patient.