Envenomation accidents caused by snakebites in the surgical emergency unit of Gabriel-Touré Hospital, Bamako, Mali (1998-1999)
Dramé, B.; Diani, N.; Togo, M.M.; Maïga, M.; Diallo, D.; Traoré, A.
Bulletin de la Societe de Pathologie Exotique 98(4): 287-289
2005
ISSN/ISBN: 0037-9085 PMID: 16402577 Document Number: 585632
This study aimed at assessing envenomations caused by snakebite in the Gabriel Touré hospital between January 1998 and December 1999. We included in total 112 victims of snakebites proved by the identification of the snake, the fangs traces and envenomation signs. The bites concerned 34 women (30.36%) versus 78 men (69.64%) from the Bamako district, while 66.7% were from a rural environment. The farmers were the most affected category (35.1%). The bite concerned the lower limb in 83.3% of the cases. Snakes such as Echis ocellatus, Bitis arietans, Naja nigricollis and N. katiensis caused the envenomations. The viperine syndrome dominated the clinical picture; its severity depended on the bleeding stage and the delay of administration of the antivenom serum (AVS) after the envenomation: 19 hours for Echis sp. and 2 hours for Naja sp. This study shows that the envenomation accidents caused by snakes are frequent with a lethality rate of 9.8%.