Research and development. the value of patents
Schena, F.P.
Giornale Italiano di Nefrologia Organo Ufficiale Della Societa Italiana di Nefrologia 20(5): 447-449
2003
ISSN/ISBN: 0393-5590 PMID: 14634958 Document Number: 554188
The goal of innovative basic applied research is the award of patents for products and processes. Patents protect the exclusive use of these products and processes. Because of the high cost of research, it is important for governments to stimulate the creativity of researchers and provide economic incentives for them to develop patentable intellectual property. In the United States, an exchange program exists between the academic researchers and industry. This easy exchange of ideas is not adequately supported in Europe, especially in Italy. To further hinder researchers, the European Union has not yet passed legislation on patents.
Document emailed within 1 workday
Related Documents
Martelliere, E. 1955: Special licenses concerning patents for the production of pharmaceuticals and the method of transferring patents Produits Pharmaceutiques 10(1): 50-52Siwi, B.H.; Ismail, I.G.; Basa, I.; Syarifuddin, A.; Arifin, M.S.; Djauhari, A.; Syam, M.; Mundy, P.; McIntosh, J.L. 1986: Cropping systems research in Indonesia. In: With our own hands. Research for Third World development: Canada's contribution through the International Development Research Centre 1970-1985 Publication, International Development Research Centre, Canada (IDRC-246e): 157-172
Dahms, A.S. 2002: Trends toward applied research, development, translational research, and application-oriented pure research: Challenges facing the basic research-focused molecular life science department and student training Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education 30(3): 200-201
1995: UNDP/UNFPA/WHO/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction: Consultation on the Development of New Technologies for Female Sterilization. Geneva, 25-27 July 1994 International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: the Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 51 Suppl. 1: S1-77
Chaudhury, N.; Gupta, A.N.; Hazra, M.N.; Hingorani, V.; Kochhar, M.; Kodkany, B.S.; Logambal, A.; Nanda, U.K.; Raja Ram, P.; Rai Choudhary, G. 1988: Phase III-clinical trial with Norplant-2 (covered rods). Report of a 24-month study. National Programme of Research in Human Reproduction. Division of Human Resource Development Research Indian Council of Medical Research Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India Contraception 38(6): 659-673
Janisch, C.P.; Schubert, A. 1991: WHO Special Program of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction (HRP). A summary Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde 51(1): 9-14
Budd, H. 1985: Creating Knowledge: a Monopoly? Participating Research in Development. Participatory Research Network Series No. 1 Adult Education Quarterly 35(4): 242-243
Buchanan, R.L.; Smith, J.L.; Stahl, H.G.; Archer, D.L. 1988: Listeria methods development research at the Eastern Regional Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture Journal - Association of Official Analytical Chemists 71(3): 651-654
Lavín, P. 1998: HRP/WHO: special program of research, development and research training in human reproduction, of the World Health Organization Revista Medica de Chile 126(7 Suppl): 42-53
Pokrovskiĭ, G.A. 1983: Development of scientific research at the Proctology Research Institute in the last 10 years Khirurgiia 1983(3): 40-45
Handelsman, D J.; Farley, T M.M.; Peregoudov, A; Waites, G M.H. 1995: Factors in nonuniform induction of azoospermia by testosterone enanthate in normal men**Financial support for the United States center was provided by US Agency for International Development for International Development through the Contraceptive Research and Development (CONRAD) program, contract CSA-88-024 Fertility and Sterility 63(1): 125-133
Handelsman, D J.; Farley, T M.M.; Peregoudov, A; Waites, G M.H. 1995: Factors in nonuniform induction of azoospermia by testosterone enanthate in normal men**Financial support for the United States center was provided by US Agency for International Development for International Development through the Contraceptive Research and Development (CONRAD) program, contract CSA-88-024 Fertility and Sterility 63(1): 125-133
Handelsman, D J.; Farley, T M.M.; Peregoudov, A; Waites, G M.H. 1995: Factors in nonuniform induction of azoospermia by testosterone enanthate in normal men**Financial support for the United States center was provided by US Agency for International Development for International Development through the Contraceptive Research and Development (CONRAD) program, contract CSA-88-024 Fertility and Sterility 63(1): 125-133
Diczfalusy, E. 1986: World Health Organization. Special programme of research, development and research training in human reproduction. The first fifteen years: a review Contraception 34(1): 3-119
Das, C; Talwar, G P. 1983: Pregnancy-terminating action of a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist d-Ser(But)6desGly10ProEA in baboons**This work was conducted cooperatively with the International Committee for Contraception Research of the Population Council, New York, and was supported by research grants from the Rockefeller Foundation, the International Development Research Centre of Canada, the Family Planning Foundation of India, and the Indian Council of Medical Research Fertility and Sterility 39(2): 218-223
Das, C; Talwar, G P. 1983: Pregnancy-terminating action of a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist d-Ser(But)6desGly10ProEA in baboons**This work was conducted cooperatively with the International Committee for Contraception Research of the Population Council, New York, and was supported by research grants from the Rockefeller Foundation, the International Development Research Centre of Canada, the Family Planning Foundation of India, and the Indian Council of Medical Research Fertility and Sterility 39(2): 218-223
Das, C; Talwar, G P. 1983: Pregnancy-terminating action of a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist d-Ser(But)6desGly10ProEA in baboons**This work was conducted cooperatively with the International Committee for Contraception Research of the Population Council, New York, and was supported by research grants from the Rockefeller Foundation, the International Development Research Centre of Canada, the Family Planning Foundation of India, and the Indian Council of Medical Research Fertility and Sterility 39(2): 218-223
Das, C; Talwar, G P. 1983: Pregnancy-terminating action of a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist d-Ser(But)6desGly10ProEA in baboons**This work was conducted cooperatively with the International Committee for Contraception Research of the Population Council, New York, and was supported by research grants from the Rockefeller Foundation, the International Development Research Centre of Canada, the Family Planning Foundation of India, and the Indian Council of Medical Research Fertility and Sterility 39(2): 218-223
Et Al 1984: Effects of hormonal contraceptives on milk volume and infant growth who special program of research development and research training in human reproduction Contraception 30(6): 505-522
Menard, S.; Moen, E. 1982: The relative importance of family planning and development for fertility reduction: critique of research and development of theory Studies in Comparative International Development 17(3-4): 22-43