Peritonitis with Mycobacterium avium complex in a patient with alcoholic cirrhosis
Miailhes, P.; Bizollon, T.; Chomarat, M.; Ducerf, C.; Trépo, C.
Gastroenterologie Clinique et Biologique 24(8-9): 841-842
2000
ISSN/ISBN: 0399-8320 PMID: 11011260 Document Number: 520695
Before highly active antiretroviral therapy were available, disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection was common in adults with HIV. Diagnosis was often made by blood culture in these immunocompromised patients. Although Mycobacterium avium complex disease can involve any organ of the body, infection of serosal surfaces is very rare. Mycobacterium avium complex peritonitis is rare and usually occurs in immunocompetent patients with chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. We report a case of Mycobacterium avium complex peritonitis in a patient with alcoholic cirrhosis with no evidence of HIV infection. Diagnosis was made by culture of a lymphocytic ascites which showed Mycobacterium avium complex at 4 weeks. Interestingly, blood and hepatic cultures remained negative. At three months, marked improvement occurred with antimycobacterial treatment, so that orthotopic liver transplantation could be performed.