Applications of three dimensional echocardiography beyond the left ventricle: other chambers and structural detail
Sheehan, F.H.; Bolson, E.L.; McDonald, J.A.
Computers in Cardiology 27: 119-122
2000
ISSN/ISBN: 0276-6574 PMID: 14632008 Document Number: 518527
The authors' system for quantitative three-dimensional echocardiography (3D echo) now enables analysis of all four heart chambers, valves and associated structures. After image acquisition using freehand scanning and a magnetic field tracking device, the borders of cardiac structures are manually traced. Chambers are reconstructed with a piecewise smooth subdivision surface. The mitral and tricuspid annuli are fitted using a 4 term Fourier series. Other valves and orifices are reconstructed as ellipses. Anatomic labeling enables identification of the chordae, coronary sinus, intervalvular fibrosa, septum, and right and left ventricular apex. The dimensions, shape, and function of cardiac components and the spatial relationships between them such as distance and angle can be determined. These methods provide capability and flexibility for clinical applications such as modeling heart motion, investigating the mechanism of functional mitral regurgitation, and tracking left ventricular remodeling.