Role of orthotopic liver transplant in the treatment of homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia
Castilla Cabezas, J.A.; López-Cillero, P.; Jiménez, J.; Fraga, E.; Arizón, J.M.; Briceño, J.; Solórzano, G.; De la Mata, M.; Pera, C.
Revista Espanola de Enfermedades Digestivas Organo Oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Patologia Digestiva 92(9): 601-608
2000
ISSN/ISBN: 1130-0108 PMID: 11138242 Document Number: 518364
Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia is an inherited metabolic disease that leads to decreased catabolism of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. As a result coronary artery disease ensues by the first or second decade. Because most low-density lipoprotein receptors (50-75%) are located in the liver, liver transplantation has been introduced as a therapeutic option in this disorder. To report our experience in the treatment of homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia with ortothopic liver transplantation. We evaluated metabolic results and patient survival. We treated two affected siblings. One of them received a sequenced heart-liver transplantation because of cardiac failure due to severe coronary disease. The operative and postoperative course was favourable in both patients, with a decrease in cholesterol levels to normal values. Four years later both were alive and both had normal liver and heart functions. Neither patient needed cholesterol-lowering drugs, and the disease had not progressed. As shown by our results and those reported by others, liver transplantation is the treatment of choice for homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia until gene therapy becomes a viable option. Transplantation should be done before of cardiovascular complications develop.