Gastrointestinal carcinoids and carcinoid syndrome: classification, diagnosis and therapy
Custureri, F.; Urciuoli, P.; Oddi, A.; D'Orazi, V.; Angelini, R.; Greco, L.; Maturo, A.; Grilli, P.; Tarroni, D.; Giordano, R.; Modesti, M.; Iavarone, C.
Il Giornale di Chirurgia 18(10): 514-520
1997
ISSN/ISBN: 0391-9005 PMID: 9479955 Document Number: 478902
Historically, carcinoids have long been known as a morphologically distinct class of rare intestinal tumors which behave less aggressively than the more common intestinal adenocarcinomas. In recent decades refined methods in pathology improved our knowledge on the diffuse neuroendocrine system, leading to some confusion in classification and nomenclature of carcinoids. The World Health Organization (WHO) classification of endocrine tumors has cleared the definition of carcinoids. The Authors report on 7 cases of midgut carcinoid tumors and 1 case of carcinoid syndrome focusing on the newer approaches to the diagnosis, localization, and role of surgery and peptide therapy.