Differential diagnosis in facial nerve palsy: a clinical review

Blaustein, B.H.; Gurwood, A.

Journal of the American Optometric Association 68(11): 715-724

1997


ISSN/ISBN: 0003-0244
PMID: 9409107
Document Number: 472571
The facial nerve possesses five functional components and manifests a complex course from its origin in the motor cortex to its peripheral distribution. Pathologies that impact the facial nerve in various locations along its route result in characteristic clinical manifestations that often involve other neurologic entities. Case reports of three patients who manifested lesions of the facial nerve are presented. Each case represents a specific facial nerve pathology occurring within the supranuclear, nuclear, and infranuclear location. An anatomic, regional, and etiologic approach to the spectrum of facial nerve disorders is provided. Additionally, hyperkinetic facial disorders is discussed, and the management of facial nerve palsy is emphasized. The clinician must understand the fundamental anatomy and distribution of the facial nerve in order to localize lesions and institute the appropriate management. Abnormalities of lid position and insufficient corneal wetting are problematic. All efforts should be directed toward the maintenance of corneal integrity by appropriate wetting strategies.

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