Endoscopic management of glabellar frown lines
Hamas, R.S.
Clinics in Plastic Surgery 22(4): 675-681
1995
ISSN/ISBN: 0094-1298 PMID: 8846635 Document Number: 444348
Resection of the corrugator muscles has been done for years as a routine adjunct to open coronal browlifts. The new endoscopic procedure described here permits endoscopic resection of the corrugator muscles through three 5-mm hairline incisions in those patients who do not need or want a browlift. The primary benefit is that of reducing the subconscious tendency to frown that some patients exhibit whenever concentrating or conversing. Although patients typically seek plastic surgery procedures to improve how they see themselves, these patients seek a reduction in the subconscious frown to improve how others see them and react to this unattractive facial expression.