Effect of oral contraceptives on the nutrient profile of women belonging to high income group
Vijayalakshmi, P.; Jose, R.
Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics 21(7): 225-232
1984
ISSN/ISBN: 0022-3174 PMID: 12268340 Document Number: 422712
This study sought to examine the effect of oral contraceptives (OCs) on the metabolism of various nutrients. Study subjects included 15 married women 25-40 years of age from the high-income group who were OC users; 10 nonusers of similar socioeconomic status served as controls. The nutrient intakes of women in both groups were similar and well above recommended allowances. Nonpill users had higher serum protein, albumin, and globulin levels than OC users, but the differences were not statistically significant. Serum retinol was significantly elevated among OC users compared with controls. Also significant was the increase in serum hemoglobin levels observed among OC users. Mean values of serum iron and total iron binding capacity were significantly higher in OC users than in controls. Finally, serum copper levels were significantly higher and serum zinc levels were significantly lower in OC users; serum manganese was higher for OC users than controls, but not significantly so. Overall, these results indicate that OC use does reduce vitamin nutritional status, protein levels, and levels of some trace minerals. The elevations of some nutrients observed in this study are likely due to tissue depletion or mobilization from the liver. Special nutrition intervention programs are indicated for OC users.