Fumonisin B (1) increases serum sphinganine concentration but does not alter serum sphingosine concentration or induce cardiovascular changes in milk-fed calves

Mathur, S.; Constable, P.D.; Eppley, R.M.; Tumbleson, M.E.; Smith, G.W.; Tranquilli, W.J.; Morin, D.E.; Haschek, W.M.

Toxicological Sciences An Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology 60(2): 379-384

2001


ISSN/ISBN: 1096-6080
PMID: 11248151
DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/60.2.379
Document Number: 391831
Fumonisin B1 is the most toxic and commonly occurring form of a group of mycotoxins that alter sphingolipid biosynthesis and induce leukoencephalomalacia in horses and pulmonary oedema in pigs. Purified fumonisin B1 (1 mg/kg, iv, daily) increased serum sphinganine and sphingosine concentrations and decreased cardiovascular function in pigs within 5 days. We therefore examined whether the same dosage schedule of fumonisin B1 produced a similar effect in calves. Ten milk-fed male Holstein calves were instrumented to obtain blood and cardiovascular measurements. Treated calves (n=5) were administered purified fumonisin B1 at 1 mg/kg, iv, daily for 7 days and controls (n=5) were administered 10 ml 0.9% NaCl, iv, daily. Each calf was euthanized on day 7. In treated calves, serum sphinganine concentration increased from day 3 onward (day 7, 0.237+or-0.388 micro mol/litre; baseline, 0.010+or-0.007 micro mol/litre; mean+or-SD), whereas serum sphingosine concentration was unchanged (day 7, 0.044+or-0.065 micro mol/litre; baseline, 0.021+or-0.025 micro mol/litre). Heart rate, cardiac output, stroke volume, mean arterial pressure, mean pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary artery wedge pressure, central venous pressure, plasma volume, base-apex electrocardiogram, arterial Po2, and systemic oxygen delivery were unchanged in treated and control calves. Fumonisin-treated calves developed metabolic acidosis (arterial blood pH, 7.27+or-0.11; base excess, -9.1+or-7.6 mEq/litre), but all survived for 7 days. We conclude that calves are more resistant to fumonisin B1 cardiovascular toxicity than pigs.

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