Impact of maternal HIV infection on obstetrical and early neonatal outcome
Braddick, M.R.; Kreiss, J.K.; Embree, J.B.; Datta, P.; Ndinya-Achola, J.O.; Pamba, H.; Maitha, G.; Roberts, P.L.; Quinn, T.C.; Holmes, K.K.
Aids 4(10): 1001-1005
1990
ISSN/ISBN: 0269-9370 PMID: 2261113 DOI: 10.1097/00002030-199010000-00009Document Number: 371515
In a case-control study of 177 HIV-seropositive and 326 seronegative women and their newborns in Nairobi, Kenya, maternal HIV infection at term was independently associated with travel to other African countries [odds ratio (OR) 4.9, P less than 0.0001], history of a blood transfusion since 1980 (OR 3.5, P = 0.01), history of more than one sexual partner in the previous 5 years (OR 1.8, P = 0.02) and unmarried status (OR 1.8, P = 0.02). Neonates of HIV-positive and HIV-negative women differed little with respect to occurrence of congenital malformations, stillbirths, in-hospital mortality, sex, APGAR score, or gestational age. However, the mean birth weight of singleton neonates of HIV-positive women was significantly lower than that of controls (3090 versus 3220 g, P = 0.005), and birth weight was less than 2500 g in 9% of cases and 3% of controls (OR 3.0, P = 0.007). Among neonates of HIV-seropositive women, birth weight was less than 2500 g in 17% if mothers were symptomatic and 6% if mothers were asymptomatic (OR 3.4, P = 0.08).