Hereditary protein S deficiency in young adults with arterial occlusive disease
Allaart, C.F.; Aronson, D.C.; Ruys, T.; Rosendaal, F.R.; van Bockel, J.H.; Bertina, R.M.; Briët, E.
Thrombosis and Haemostasis 64(2): 206-210
1990
ISSN/ISBN: 0340-6245 PMID: 2148653 Document Number: 348867
Protein S is the vitamin K dependent cofactor of activated protein C. It has an important role in the regulation of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis. Hereditary protein S deficiency is associated with familial venous thrombophilia. Since a few patients with arterial occlusions have been reported to be protein S deficient, it is speculated that hereditary protein S deficiency may be also a risk factor for the development of arterial thrombosis. In a group of 37 consecutive patients with arterial occlusive disease presenting before the age of 45, three patients were found heterozygous for hereditary protein S deficiency. None of the patients had a protein C deficiency or an antithrombin III deficiency. Family investigations showed a clear association between the hereditary deficiency and venous thrombosis, but a relation between the deficiency and arterial thrombosis was less obvious. A review of previous literature on patients with arterial thrombosis and protein S deficiency revealed that more extensive studies are needed to demonstrate whether or not hereditary protein S deficiency is a risk factor for the development of arterial thrombosis.