AIDS and contraception
Serfaty, D.
Fertilite Contraception Sexualite 16(3): 213-220
1988
ISSN/ISBN: 0980-3904 PMID: 12282189 Document Number: 332967
Sexually transmitted AIDS represents 72-82% of the cases reported. While the proportion of cases transmitted heterosexually is still small (7%), this will increase over time (it was only 1% in 1981). Heterosexual AIDS affects 4 times more women than men and occurs essentially in partners of HIV+ subjects, those with AIDS, and subjects at high risk. Many in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that the correct and systematic use of condoms is the sole means of preventing sexual AIDS. In vitro spermicides (nonoxynol-9 and benzalkonium chloride) inactivate the HIV virus. Having many sexual partners, rectal contact, and the STDs increase the risk of HIV transmission. Only mutual monogamy and sexual relations between seronegative subjects (taking into account the serological lag period of a few weeks to 6 months) are safe. In all other cases, it is necessary to systematically use a good quality condom (along with a spermicide), even if other contraception is used, avoid anal contact, and decrease the number and improve the selectivity of sexual partners if possible. Heterosexual males and females at high risk of HIV infection should use an effective method of contraception (the oral contraceptive) in addition to condoms. According to WHO, IUDs are not recommended. Seropositive heterosexuals or those affected by AIDs should abstain from all sexual contact involving penetration, whether vaginal, anal, or oral. They should use the same contraception as high risk heterosexuals. The WHO is undertaking research programs on possible beneficial or detrimental interactions between the modern methods of contraception and HIV infection.