Familial IgG kappa myeloma in a mother and her daughter. Review of the literature
Rostoker, G.; Uzzan, B.; Baumelou, E.; Chapman, A.
Nouvelle Revue Francaise d'Hematologie 28(1): 27-32
1986
ISSN/ISBN: 0029-4810 PMID: 3086836 Document Number: 283402
The case of a multiple myeloma secreting IgG kappa in both mother and daughter is reported and discussed in the light of previous reports of familial myeloma and myeloma occurring in spouses. In March 1981, the 60-year-old daughter complained of fatigue leading to the discovery of anemia. The diagnosis of myeloma was based on the association of a monoclonal IgG kappa (57.5 g/l) with low serum levels of IgM and IgA and of an increase (38%) in bone marrow plasma cells. She was treated by chemotherapy and by radiotherapy on bone lesions which appeared during the course of treatment. She died in June 1983. In October 1984, the 84-year-old mother was also found to have anemia. The diagnosis of myeloma was based on the association of a monoclonal IgG kappa (24.5 g/l) with low serum levels of IgM and IgA, 0.6 g/l of Bence-Jones protein in urine, an increase (12%) of atypical plasma cells, and of multiple lytic lesions on X-ray. Familial myeloma has been exceptionally reported. We have found only one case in mother and daughter where the myeloma protein was respectively IgA and IgG. The light chain isotype was not determined. Cases of myeloma occurring in spouses have equally been rarely reported in the medical literature. Genetic transmission of chromosomal determinants for myeloma or a type of response to environmental factors have been suspected as well as environmental determinants for myeloma. Genetically abnormal regulation of immunoglobulin synthesis is another possibility.