Risk assessment of ultrasonically guided fine needle puncture. Experimental studies in dogs
Otto, R.; Weihe, W.H.; Burger, H.R.
Deutsche Tierärztliche Wochenschrift 91(5): 178-182
1984
ISSN/ISBN: 0341-6593 PMID: 6378573 Document Number: 230405
In anaesthetized dogs various abdominal organs were punctured percutaneously under ultrasonic control many times and the organs inspected for damage PM. All punctures healed without sequelae; haemorrhages were not observed. The only complication occurred after multiple puncture of the gall bladder. In two of six dogs the bile fluid leaked into the peritoneal cavity causing irritation and fibrinous encapsulation. Repeated puncture of the spleen in the awake dog was tolerated without pain reaction. The investigations confirm the clinical experience in many thousands of patients with use of fine needles under sonographic control that the dangers from the puncture of organs are negligible. Caution should be observed with puncture of the gall bladder and of all organs during surgery with an open peritoneum extravasation of blood is unavoidable even with the finest needles.