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Novel subtype C human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelopes cloned directly from plasma: coreceptor usage and neutralization phenotypes

Koh, W.W.L.; Forsman, A.; Hué, S.ép.; van der Velden, G.J.; Yirrell, D.L.; McKnight, A.; Weiss, R.A.; Aasa-Chapman, M.én.M.I.

Journal of General Virology 91(Part 9): 2374-2380

2010

ISSN/ISBN: 1465-2099
PMID: 20484560
DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.022228-0
Document Number: 213963
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is classified into different phylogenetic subtypes, with subtype C representing more than half of the novel infections globally. However, there are relatively few subtype C envelopes available for study. We amplified 18 unique env genes from 13 patients who were infected with subtype C HIV-1 in six African countries and in Scotland to create replication-competent viruses. These envelopes are phylogenetically diverse across the subtype C spectrum, and have on average more N-linked glycosylation sites and slightly longer variable loops than previously described C envelopes. We found that CCR3 coreceptor usage is less prevalent in subtype C than in subtype B viruses, and these envelopes have varied sensitivity to neutralization. The subtype C chimeric viruses generated in this study will be useful for evaluating the breadth of neutralizing antibodies and other entry inhibitors.

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